When was hitler elected

The party was characterised by extreme nationalism and antisemitism. In November , Hitler even led a coup attempt. It was a complete failure. At the end of , Hitler was released after serving a relatively short sentence. However, his political career was not over. In prison he had written Mein Kampf, setting out his plans for Germany.

From then on, the Nazis were to stick to the law and try to gain power by means of elections. They benefited from the economic crisis that began by the end of the s. The Nazis used the crisis to condemn the government and the Versailles peace treaty.

Their strategy was effective. The party radiated strength and vitality. Moreover, the Nazi leaders were young, quite unlike the greying politicians of the established parties. In addition, Hitler's image as a strong leader appealed to people. He was all set to unite the population and put an end to political discord. The Nazis focused on voters from all walks of life, rather than on just one group, such as the workers or Catholics.

They also attracted many people who had never voted before. Still, in November the party seemed to be past its peak. The conservative parties did not manage to win enough votes. They pressured president Paul von Hindenburg to appoint Hitler chancellor. The fact that they expected to use Hitler for their own agenda would turn out to be a fatal underestimation. The National Socialists celebrated their victory with a torchlight procession through Berlin.

From the balcony of the chancellery, Hitler looked on approvingly. In spite of the glory, he was still far from being all-powerful at that point. The new cabinet counted only two NSDAP members, but Hitler succeeded in getting them appointed to important positions. He was a minister without portfolio who got to control the police force of Prussia, the larger part of Germany.

For the Nazis, this was reason to celebrate their 'national revolution', but many Germans were indifferent to the news. They had seen many governments come and go and did not expect the new government to last any time at all. Before long, Hitler claimed more power. The fire in the Reichstag, the parliament building, was a key moment in this development.

On 27 February , guards noticed the flames blazing through the roof. They overpowered the suspected arsonist, a Dutch communist named Marinus van der Lubbe. He was executed after a show trial in Evidence of any accomplices was never found. The Nazi leadership was quick to arrive at the scene. Not a moment must be lost! Anyone who stands in our way will be cut down.

The moderate political parties were increasingly unable to stem the tide of extremism, and the German referendum of , which almost passed a law formally renouncing the Treaty of Versailles and making it a criminal offence for German officials to cooperate in the collecting of reparations, helped to elevate Nazi ideology.

The elections of September resulted in the break-up of a grand coalition and its replacement with a minority cabinet. Governance by decree became the new norm and paved the way for authoritarian forms of government. Hitler exploited this by targeting his political messages specifically at people who had been affected by the inflation of the s and the Depression, such as farmers, war veterans, and the middle class. Hitler ran against Hindenburg in the presidential elections.

Hindenburg had support from various nationalist, monarchist, Catholic, and republican parties, as well as some social democrats. He was one of the first politicians to use aircraft travel for political purposes and utilized it effectively. Hitler came in second in both rounds of the election, garnering more than 35 percent of the vote in the final election. Although he lost to Hindenburg, this election established Hitler as a strong force in German politics.

The absence of an effective government prompted two influential politicians, Franz von Papen and Alfred Hugenberg, along with several industrialists and businessmen, to write a letter to Hindenburg. Hindenburg reluctantly agreed to appoint Hitler as chancellor after two further parliamentary elections—in July and November —did not result in the formation of a majority government.

Hitler had insisted on the ministerial positions to gain control over the police in much of Germany. Hitler, Chancellor of Germany: Hitler, at the window of the Reich Chancellery, receives an ovation on the evening of his inauguration as chancellor, January 30, Because of the political stalemate, he asked Hindenburg to again dissolve the Reichstag, and elections were scheduled for early March. On February 27, , the Reichstag building was set on fire. According to the British historian Sir Ian Kershaw, the consensus of nearly all historians is that van der Lubbe actually set the fire.

Others, including William L. The decree was permitted under Article 48 of the Weimar Constitution, which gave the president the power to take emergency measures to protect public safety and order. In addition to political campaigning, the NSDAP engaged in paramilitary violence and the spread of anti-communist propaganda in the days preceding the election.

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