What kind of saline

Normal saline solution can be administered only via intravenous IV access. It is an isotonic crystalloid that contains 0. It is sometimes used with caution or even avoided in patients with cardiac or renal compromise because of the sodium causing fluid retention or volume overload.

The IV solution most similar to blood plasma concentration, it is the fluid of choice for burn and trauma patients. It used for acute blood loss; hypovolemia from third-space fluid shifts; electrolyte imbalance; and metabolic acidosis. LR is an isotonic crystalloid containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, and sodium lactate in sterile water. Use with extreme caution in cases of renal failure.

A crystalloid that is both isotonic and hypotonic, administered for hypernatremia and to provide free water for the kidneys. Initially hypotonic, D5 dilutes the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid. Once the cells have absorbed the dextrose, the remaining water and electrolytes become an isotonic solution. D5 should not be used as the sole treatment of fluid volume deficit, because it dilutes plasma electrolyte concentrations. It is contraindicated in resuscitation, early post-op recovery, cardiac and renal conditions, and in any case of suspected increased intracranial pressure.

Because the solution contains calories, due to dextrose a form of glucose as the solute, it does provide very limited nutrition. A hypotonic crystalloid solution of sodium chloride dissolved in sterile water, administered to treat hypernatremia or diabetic ketoacidosis.

It is contraindicated in patients with burns, trauma, or liver disease due to depletion of intravascular fluid volumes. Half normal saline may result in fluid overload and subsequent decreased electrolyte concentrations or pulmonary edema. Infusing too quickly can cause hemolysis of red blood cells.

Colloids have large molecules that are unable to pass through semipermeable membranes. They remain in the blood vessels. Because colloids require less volume than crystalloid solutions, they are used for patients who are unable to tolerate large fluid volumes, or are malnourished. Some of the uses for colloids are shock, external burns, pancreatitis, peritonitis, and post-op albumin loss. It is generally safe to make at home, as long as you wash your hands and the container in which you plan to store the solution.

It is important to only use a fresh saline solution and to throw it away if it looks cloudy or dirty. A homemade saline solution can be used to: rinse the nasal passages nasal irrigation rinse the mouth to alleviate a sore throat cleanse cuts and scrapes rinsing the mouth after the loss of a tooth Cleansing a new a piercing Warning! Do not drink homemade saline solution and do not use it to: cleanse the bladder or a urinary catheter bladder irrigation rinse your eyes or contact lenses, as this could lead to corneal abrasions treat dehydration.

How to make a saline solution at home Saline solution is easy to make at home. You will need: one clean, air-tight glass bottle or jar with lid pot with lid table salt it is best to use non-iodized salt, which does not have iodine in it baking soda optional, but will make the solution less irritating Instructions Option 1: Put one cup mL of tap water into a pot and boil for 15 minutes with the lid on.

Remove from heat and cool until the water reaches room temperature. Optional: Add a pinch of baking soda. Carefully pour the salt-water solution from the pan into the jar or bottle and put the lid on.

Refrigerate solution and use within 24 hours. Option 2: You can used distilled water purchased from most drug and grocery stores to make sterile and longer-lasting saline without boiling water. Mix eight teaspoons of salt into 1 gallon 4 L of distilled water.

Refrigerate solution and use within one month. If you plan on using the saline solution as a nasal saline rinse, follow this recipe: Put one cup mL of tap water into a pot and boil for 15 minutes with the lid on. Avoid using sea salt, as it contains additional minerals. To make saline solution at home, follow these steps :. Store the saline solution in the airtight container.

Research suggests that bacteria can grow in homemade saline solution within 24 hours, and that bacteria are less likely to grow when saline is chilled. Where possible, store the solution in the refrigerator. To make a sinus rinse, or nasal irrigation solution, follow these steps :.

Using a neti pot, ear bulb, or saline rinse bottle, squeeze the solution into the right then the left nostril. Keep the head over a sink or bath, as the solution will come out of the nostrils. People can find ear bulbs at drug stores and online. Neti pots are also available at drug stores and online. It is important to try to prevent any bacteria or other contaminants from entering the solution when making homemade saline.

Dispose of the solution if it looks cloudy or dirty. Saline solution is salt water that contains 0. As a result, it makes a useful irrigating solution. The small amount of salt present can have an antibacterial effect. This is one of the reasons why foods preserved with salt tend to spoil less quickly than foods without salt. While salt can sting on an open wound, the low concentration of salt in a saline solution means that it should not sting or burn.

If the solution does sting, the mixture may contain too much salt. Avoid using saline solution that is too hot, as it may burn the delicate skin inside the nasal passage, around the eyes, or around wounds. For the best results, try to use saline solution before applying medications such as eye drops or inhaled mists, as the solution could wash these away.